<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type">
<title></title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
<br>
<blockquote cite="mid:200805220211.39116.ce@christeck.de" type="cite">
<pre wrap="">Hi,
</pre>
<blockquote type="cite">
<pre wrap="">There are two similar terms, 'plenum', and 'ripieno'.
Neither of them mean 'all', rather they refer to all
stops (starting at 8' and up) of a same family, or
a combination that includes (almost) all harmonics
of an 8'.
</pre>
</blockquote>
<pre wrap=""><!---->
IIRC there are two further terms called "plein jeux" (all stops of the
principal family like prestants, montres, octaves etc.) and "Grand Jeux"
(adding the reeds to plein jeux?!?).
IMO all those names may describe different things, depending on the instrument
the composer was using. If your instrument has no montre 8', "plein jeux"
would probably include an 8' flute. And if you have no reeds at all,
maybe "Grand Jeux" then means a "plein jeux" plus an tertiary aliquot (like
tierce etc.) to fake the missing reeds?
Best regards,
ce
</pre>
</blockquote>
Perhaps I can clarify a bit of the terminology.<br>
<br>
"Plenum" or "In organo pleno" and "Ripieno" come from the German
Baroque era. They mean a full Principal chorus (Prestants, Octaves,
Quint 2 2/3', not 5 1/3' !, Mixtures), combined with some Flute stops
(Quintaton 16', Flute 8'), and depending on the character of the piece,
one or more manual Reeds. In the Pedal you have to draw the strong
Reeds like Posaune 16'.<br>
In later time, say Reger c.s., this term is used as the final,
strongest sound and that quite equals the "Tutti", then meaning full
organ but of course, as pointed out earlier without undulating stops
and without some very soft charachteristic stops. Usually also without
Flute's 4' (on a real organ a Flute 4' only consumes a lot of air and
adds
practically nothing to the Tutti)<br>
<br>
"Plein jeu" and "Grand jeu" are stemming from the French Baroque music.<br>
In a "Plein jeu" you have the principals ( on a 16' basis), bourdon 8'
and all the different mixtures (Cymbale etc.); no reeds. In the pedal
only a Trumpet 8', coupled to the manuals; French organs from this
peroid had no other pedal stops.<br>
In a "Grand jeu" you have the Trumpets, Clairons (4') plus tertiary
aliquots like Cornet or Sesquialter; no principals or bourdons.<br>
<br>
"Tutti" in French romantic music (and later) means all manuals coupled,
with foundations (principals, flutes etc.), mutations and reeds and
sub- and supercouplers. No undulating stops and no soft charachteristic
stops like Voix humaine, quite similar to the German romanitcism. Only
the sound is very different: in French organs the Reeds are very strong
and dominant and the Mixtures are quite soft in comparison; in German
organs from this time the Reeds are fairly weak and the upperwork is
stronger.<br>
<br>
Kind regards,<br>
Bert<br>
<br>
</body>
</html>