it works (orm has reported it working). it seems very dependent on the kernel, cardbus utilities and possibly the underlying hardware. if these 2 succeed with their task of making the pcmcia card appear like a normal PCI device, then everything proceeds as normal. several people have combinations of these 3 that fail at this goal. i believe i have already told you that i fixed this, but have not yet submitted the patch because i am trying to fix the lack of output issue. orm did some great detective work. the cardbus/pcmcia version works, but when it stops, it seems necessary to eject the card then reload it again. this fixes the output problem. i am hoping to try out an equivalent process (which you have outlined above), one way or another, tonight. --p