Is there in linux a file with notes and Tabs which I
can use with a program
like noteedit or something?
See G7 example:
http://img138.imageshack.us/img138/1965/g7nn8.png
As I said, tabledit is the only thing I have used that might come close but
this is not opensource. It does run on Wine.
You might try using lilypond. There is, if one can figure out how to get to
it, tab capabilities!