I have three scripts in /etc/init.d: 1. alsa, apparently deprecated 2. aslasound, claims to be the right one 3. alsautils. I am not (according to webmin) doing any of these on startup. The two audio drivers, snd-ens1371 and usb-audio load anyway (not by hotplug that lists them as already loaded). Only options on these is "index" and they load in the desired order in any event. The snd-mpu401 does not load No error message. This one has "options". Alsasound does not reference options, just the sound-card-# lines to find drivers. It looks for a snd-...... file in init.d. I made one for the mpu401 to modprobe it with its options. As I said, alsasound is not being run. I can modprobe this manually just fine. Apparently, starting with 2.6.12? options not checked? Apparently, starting with 2.6.14, I need to on my system anyway, compile in the soundcore to get anything to work.