On Sun, Mar 20, 2016 at 8:24 PM, ORL <orl(a)ammd.net> wrote: Hi Orl, I'm sure you're aware there are a few approaches to doing pitch-shifting, and all have pros and cons: Frequency domain: The "phase-vocoder" takes a signal over time, analyses the loudest frequences using the FFT, and re-synthesizes the audio with a new pitch. This sounds pretty good, but has the issue that a "window" of time is required for accurate re-synthesis. The biggest issue is latency - unless a very short window is used, the delay of processed audio is very noticable. Time domain: Another technique is to "synchronous overlap and add" also referred to SOLA, or PSOLA (phase SOLA). These generally have less latency (due to very small "grains" of audio being manipulated), however depending on the content of the audio stream, and the settings used, can sound quite bad. While developing the live-looping program Luppp[1], I used the FAUST PSOLA pitch-shifter, tweaked the settings, and generated C++ for doing live-pitch-shifting (aka - very low latency, at the cost of quality). In my experience, the quality of exactly +12 and -12 semitones is generally acceptable with PSOLA algorithms, as it is ~= to kicking out every 2nd sample, or adding 1 in-between each sample. The worst aliasing/noise is generally heard at a few semitones, so when testing settings I recommend listening very carefully at the +2 to +5 semi range :) Hope that helps, -Harry [1] http://openavproductions.com/luppp [2] http://faust.grame.fr/ -- http://www.openavproductions.com